Urban Planning, Sustainability and Resilience

Faced with growth, congestion, pollution, and climate change, cities are increasingly planned around the goals of sustainability and resilience. A sustainable city seeks to meet the needs of its present population—for housing, mobility, and a healthy environment—without undermining the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In practice this means using less energy, land, and material, cutting pollution and waste, and providing a good quality of life for all residents. Several overlapping approaches have emerged to pursue these aims.

The eco-city concept emphasizes designing urban areas to live in harmony with the natural environment. Eco-cities aim to run on renewable energy, provide efficient public transport and abundant green space, recycle water and waste, and build ene